Mitigating SALT Limitations via Pass-Through Entities:  Multistate Overview

2022 / 2023

New York California Connecticut New Jersey NYC
What is effective date? 1/1/2021 1/1/2021 1/1/2018 1/1/2020 1/1/2023
How does it work? Make election. Need to make quarterly estimated tax payments equal to 90% of current year tax or 100% of prior year tax. For 2022 onward make 1st installment payment by June 15th of the taxable year (greater of $1,000 or 50% prior year tax). Second installment due March 15th of subsequent tax year Annual return due March 15th, installment payments due 4/15, 6/15, 9/15 & 1/15 of taxable year. Credit equals 87.5% of member’s pro rata share of tax paid post 1/1/2019 Credit for “distributive proceeds”, which means net income, dividends, royalties, interest, rents, guaranteed payments & gain of pass-through entity. Make estimated tax payments due 4/15, 6/15, 9/15 and 1/15. Make election by March 15, 2023.
What action steps are required before December 31, 2022? In order to get deduction for 2022, make an estimated tax payment before year-end. Make estimated tax payment by sending payment with FTB 3893. Make sure estimated tax payments for 2022 are up to date. Make sure estimated tax payments for 2022 are up to date. N/A for 2022
How do I calculate my estimated tax payment? Tax is calculated on a graduated rates, similar to individual income taxes. Contact your CPA for assistance on computing the estimated tax. The rates begin at 6.85% and increase to a maximum of 10.9%. Pay 9.3% tax rate based on pro-rata income. Based on 90% of current year or 100% of prior year PE tax return. Use PTE-100 as a guide for calculating the amount of estimated tax due and use the Estimated Tax Worksheet on p.2 to calculate each installment. Rates increase gradually with higher income. N/A for 2022
I don’t want to make estimated PTET payments in calendar year 2022 due to cash flow issues. If I make a payment in 2023, will I get a credit against 2022? Yes, late payment of tax will count as a credit. However, the deduction against income is only during the period of actual payment. Payment must be made before the original due date of the return of 3/15/23. However, we advise to pay before December 31 in order to receive a deduction in 2022. The last estimated tax payment is due 1/15/23. However, we advise to pay before December 31, 2022 in order to receive a deduction in 2022. The last estimated tax payment is due 1/15/23. However, we advise to pay before December 31, 2022 in order to receive a deduction in 2022. N/A for 2022
My business missed the election for 2022. Is it too late to make the election? No, you have until September 15th to make the election Entities may make election on timely filed 2022 tax return due 3/15/23. Make the election on CT-1065 by the due date of 3/15/23. Can make an election for 2022 until due date of business return 3/15/23. N/A for 2022
How does one make a payment? Online Make estimated tax payment by sending payment with FTB 3893. Pay online by visiting THIS PAGE Visit THIS PAGE to make an online payment through the NJ website. TBD
What are the action steps for 2022? Make quarterly estimated tax payments based upon 90% of 2022 income or 100% of 2021 income. Payments are due 3/15, 6/15, 9/15 and 12/15. If the electing entity did not make an election for 2021, the 2022 estimated tax is based upon 90% of 2021. Make initial estimated tax payment by June 15th of $1,000 or 50% of the elective tax paid in the prior taxable year, whichever is greater. Make estimated tax payments due 4/15, 6/15, 9/15 and 1/15. Make estimated tax payments due 4/15, 6/15, 9/15 and 1/15. N/A for 2022
Is the election annual? Yes, annual election Annual Annual Annual Annual
I made the election for 2022 but I decided that I don’t want to make the election for 2023. What should I do? Don’t make the election for 2023, since the election is an annual choice. Don’t make the election for 2023, since the election is an annual choice. Don’t make the election for 2023, since the election is an annual choice. Don’t make the election for 2023, since the election is an annual choice. N/A for 2022
How does the credit pass through? IT-653; attach to individual income tax return. Will show up on individual return Form 540. CT-1065, included in member K-1 Members receive credit against cross income tax equal to member’s tax on distributive proceeds paid by pass-through entity on Form PTE-K-1 TBD
What is the tax rate? 6.85% on income up to $2M; 9.65% for income $2M-$5M; 10.3% for income $5M-$25M; 10.9% for income greater than $25M 9.3% of qualified income 6.99% 5.675% on first $250K; 6.52% on $250K-$1M; 9.12% for $1M-$5M; 10.9% over $5M 3.876%
What are additional requirements? File annual return by March 15th (or submit extension). Return must identify all partners, members or shareholders of the electing entity
Who is ineligible for election? SMLLC, sole proprietor, trust nonprofit corporation Publicly traded partnerships (as members) cannot make election. Eligible for individual, fiduciary, trust, estate, entity taxed as corporation. Cannot file CA combined report SMLLCs SMLLCs SMLLC, sole proprietor, trust nonprofit corporation
Additional information Excess credit is claimed on the taxpayer’s individual return and may be refunded. Any excess credit is nonrefundable to the taxpayer. Credit may be carried forward for 5 years. SMLLC qualifies. Estimated tax payments must equal 90% of current year tax or 100% of prior year tax but only if annual payment $1,000 or greater. If annual payment less than $1,000 no estimated tax payments required. Any excess credit may be carried forward. Credit may not reduce statutory minimum tax. Excess credit may be carried forward 20 years
What happens to overpayment of credit? If credit exceeds tax due, overpayment credited or refunded without interest. Excess credit is nonrefundable, carried forward 5 years. Excess credit treated as an overpayment is refunded if applied against individual income tax, provided taxpayer does not have other tax liabilities. Any corporate business tax excess is carried forward. Credit may not reduce statutory minimum tax. Excess credit may be carried forward 20 years TBD